I have done my Electrical Engineering ( major in Electronics) from PAF-KIET. Our final year project is Efficient control of Battery charging through MPPT mechanism of PV array syatem. We would like to thank Allah, the Almighty, for allowing us to finish our year- end project. He provided us with the resources and created the facility to complete the project. Indeed, without His will, nothing can be done in this world.In modern years, the need of energy sources is increased with increase in population. The world is moving towards an eco-friendly power sources. In this case, solar energy plays a significant role. Daily sun radiates an enormous amount of energy onto the earth’s surface. If we use this energy to our purpose we will solve the crises of energy easily.
The main advantage of solar panels is there low operational cost, maintenance free and environmentally friendly.Solar panel generates DC power depending on the factor of irradiance and temperature. To get maximum power from solar panels we need to understand the characteristics of solar panels which changes and effects the output power of the system.
We can better predict the output of solar panels if we have these characteristics. So, for obtaining these characteristics in different conditions we use data acquisition system.
This method gives us the P-V and I-V curves of the Solar panel at different temperature and irradiance conditions. From these curves we can examine the solar panels efficiently. These P-V and I-V curves are also helps us to apply a helpful algorithm for matching the impedance of load with solar panel, because if there is mismatch in the impedance, the maximum power cannot transferred and we losses the power.
This algorithm is named as MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) system which is widely used in solar charge controller.
A MPPT system consist of current and voltage sensors and a DC-DC Buck Converter. DsPIC 30f4013 microcontroller has been used to control the DC-DC converter output by giving the precise duty cycle.
The Microcontroller measured the sensors values and plot PV curves and compares with the old values and then it adjusted duty cycle continuous.